BEd 2nd Year Developing Emotional and National Integration in India Study Material Notes

BEd 2nd Year Developing Emotional and National Integration in India Study Material Notes: A2zNotes Presents study material Long Question Answer Notes by the Latest BEd Syllabus for Philosophical and Socialogical Perspective of Education. A Collection of Question-Answers compiled and Edited by A2zNotes Well Experienced Authors Based on Latest Two-Years BEd Curriculum. Here in this post, we will provide you with Long Questions and Answers for the Definition, and Meaning of Developing Emotional and National Integration in India.

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BEd 2nd Year Emotional and National Integration Study Material Notes

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Means of Developing Emotional and National Integration in India

A few years after achieving independence we came to feel that emotional and national integration is diminishing in the country, and since then, attention has been paid to its causes and remedies. In the context of its basic causes, we have already discussed the conferences, meetings, and their decisions. It is necessary to discuss the remedies as recommended by them for the development of national integration. (BEd 2nd Year Developing Emotional and National Integration in India Study Material Notes)

1. Suggestions of National Integration Council (1958): This council convened by the University Grants Commission for the development of national integration, has given the following suggestions :

(1) Indian history be accounted for properly

. (2) National festivals be celebrated in educational institutions.

(3) Scholarships should not be given in the name of religion and caste.

(4) Hostels should not be constructed in the name of religion and caste.

2. Suggestions of the Vice Chancellors Conference (1961): Its scope was limited to only the role of universities. It has put forward the following suggestions regarding the form and functions of universities for the development of national integration :

(1) The caste identity of universities be ended, such as Hindu University, Varanasi, and Muslim University, Aligarh.

(2) Regional and linguistic forms of universities be ended. Universities should admit the youth of any region of the country on the basis of their ability. The medium of education should be necessarily one, and it can be the national language Hindi, or the international language English. (BEd 2nd Year Developing Emotional and National Integration in India Study Material Notes)

(3) There should be proper arrangements for the education of different languages and basic principles of different religions.

(4) No discrimination should be practiced on the basis of caste, sex, language, region, or religion in the appointment of teachers and admission of students. (BEd 2nd Year Developing Emotional and National Integration in India Study Material Notes)

Suggestions of Indira Gandhi national integration committee (1961) This committee was formed by the Congress, so it was natural for its recommendations to be based on the politics of vote. It submitted the following suggestions :

(1) Encouragement of the national attitude in education and other fields.

(2) Control over disintegrating attitudes.

(3) Control over caste and religious tendencies in government services.

(4) Increase in opportunities for minorities.

(5) Opportunities to the persons of backward classes for their development.

(6) Equal treatment with all persons

. (7) Guarantee of security to individual and property.

4. Suggestions of Chief Ministers Conference (1961): It was also a conference of political leaders, so they were helpless to express their views rising above regionalism and stateism. They put forward the following suggestions regarding the development of national integration :

(1) Propagation of national language Hindi.

(2) Single script for all Indian languages.

(3) Continuation of international language English.

(4) Three-language formula be adopted (1. mother tongue, 2. Hindi in non-Hindi regions and any other Indian language in Hindi regions, and 3. English or any other language of international importance ).

(5) The medium of examinations should be Hindi and English besides regional languages.

(6) Only English or Hindi should be the medium of university education, and only Hindi in the future.

(7) Creation of textbooks that are helpful in educational reforms and national integration.

(8) Expansion of scope of all India services, transfer of officers among union and state governments.

(9) Elimination of disintegrative elements.

5. Suggestions of Dr. Sampoornanand Emotional Integration Committee (1961-62): This committee clarified that education can play a vital role in the development of emotional and national integration. It gave the following suggestions :

(1) The school program should be formulated in such a way that class narrowness in the children is eliminated and proper. ideals are created in them. (BEd 2nd Year Developing Emotional and National Integration in India Study Material Notes)

(2) Education should be such that assures the children of their future.

(3) Education should be such that develops in the children dutifulness towards the nation.

6. Suggestions of National Integration Committee (1967): This committee comprised political people, so its suggestions were politically motivated. It put forward the following suggestions :

(1) Suppression of communalism.

(2) Ban rioting militant organizations, such as Tamil Sena, Nag Sena, etc.

(3) Solution to language problem.

(4) Reform in education.

7. Suggestions of Other Committees and Meetings in the Educational World: In the meanwhile, several other committees were organized and they also submitted their suggestions, it is not feasible to produce their suggestions here.
   But all of them talked of raising education from the narrow basis of caste, language, region, or religion to relate it to the national interest. (BEd 2nd Year Developing Emotional and National Integration in India Study Material Notes)
   Several suggestions were submitted on how to achieve this aim, in them, the chief ones are making the aims of education extensive and including such educational material in the curriculum which is in the national interest.

Educational Programmes for the Development of Emotional and National Integration

The Emotional Integration Committee submitted the above suggestions in 1962. Since then, several meetings on the role of education in the development of national integration have been held in NCERT, Delhi, and different universities and they have raised many voices about national integration in education; however, only superficial tasks have been completed; it’s all, more talk and no work.

On the basis of the above study and our experience, we think it necessary to formulate the following educational programs for the development of emotional and national integration:

1. Clear Aims of Education: Theoretically several aims of education have been accepted in our country, but we can see that our education is still examination-oriented, less attention is paid to the health, conduct, and emotions of the children. Therefore, it is needed that the aims of education are clear, and one of them should be the development of emotional and national integration.

2. Reconstruction of Curriculum: Change in the curriculum should be effected and in it, the tasks of social work and national service work should be made compulsory. (BEd 2nd Year Developing Emotional and National Integration in India Study Material Notes)

Celebrating national festivals and occasions should be included in it. A special place should be accorded to folk songs and stories pertaining to different parts of the country in the primary level curriculum.

It should include the material presenting geographical knowledge and cultural scenery of the different parts of the country. The curriculum for the secondary level should include religious and moral education and co-curricular activities of cultural and national importance. (BEd 2nd Year Developing Emotional and National Integration in India Study Material Notes)

The subjects related to the industrial and economic development of the country should the student also ls be included in it. Arrangements for comparative study of different languages, religions, and cultures should be made at the university level.

3. Reform in Teaching Methods: Teaching methods are indirectly related to the teacher’s behavior with students. Therefore, those teaching methods should be selected in which teachers and students work in cooperation; teachers should assist all students equally, and all children should get equal opportunities for developing their abilities. Taking part in the collective class activities will help develop the spirit of collectivity and they will be bound in the spirit of oneness.

4. Reform in Textbooks: Necessary amendments should be effected in textbooks and such subject matter should be deleted that is an obstacle to national integration, and such material should be included in them which promotes national integration. For it, the subject matter pertaining to the civilization and cultures of the country is selected.

5. Equal Treatment: All types of class discrimination based on caste, religion, community, or any other basis should be eliminated. The selection of teachers and admission of students should be based on ability and scholarships to students should be awarded solely on merit. (BEd 2nd Year Developing Emotional and National Integration in India Study Material Notes)

If a mark of national identity is put on the dress of the students, it would help in the development of national integration.

6. Daily Morning Assembly: The school should begin with a 15-minute daily morning assembly. At this time, prayers in the beginning and the national anthem at the end should be played and the intervening period should be used for health rules, collective health examination, religious and moral teaching, matters of national importance, and the importance of the national anthem and national flag, national integration and international spirit.

7. Celebration of Social, Religious, and National Festivals: National festivals are generally celebrated in our schools, while it is a holiday on social and religious festivals. (BEd 2nd Year Developing Emotional and National Integration in India Study Material Notes)

If these festivals are also celebrated in schools and all children take part in them, it would inculcate in them liberal feelings towards other religions and they will be bound in the spirit of oneness. The national festivals should be celebrated in the schools with devotion and fanfare. (BEd 2nd Year Developing Emotional and National Integration in India Study Material Notes)

8. Development of Respect for Languages of National Level and National Language Hindi: Our country has accorded 22 languages the status of languages of national importance. Though the number of people speaking these is less, they are rich in their respective literature, in which the culture of India finds refuge. We should respect these languages, but most attention should be paid to the development of the national language Hindi. The national language binds us with one thread. 

9. Birthdays of Leaders: The birthdays of social, religious, and national leaders should be celebrated in schools.

When the birthdays of leaders born in different states are celebrated all over the country, it would develop the spirit of national integration. (BEd 2nd Year Developing Emotional and National Integration in India Study Material Notes)

10. Inter-State Games: Interstate games and sports competitions should be held for school students. It would expand the contact area of the children, they would be acquainted with one another and emotional relationships would be established with them. But it would be possible only when the players play with the spirit of the game.

11. Inter-State Cultural Programmes: Besides inter-state games and sports competitions, inter-state cultural programs should also be organized. (BEd 2nd Year Developing Emotional and National Integration in India Study Material Notes)

When the students present glimpses of their respective cultures, they are acquainted with other’s cultures (folk dances, folk songs, etc.). It would recreate them as well as they would see the national cultural glimpses. We can see a glimpse of national cultures in the national parade on 26, January in New Delhi, which is also relayed on television to enable a large number of people to watch it. 

12. Inter-State Exhibitions: Schools should organize inter-state exhibitions. If such exhibitions are organized on the occasions of regional games and sports championships, then the children of different schools can have a chance to see them. These exhibitions should provide a glimpse of the civilization and culture of the country.

13. Use of Radio and Television: Such educational programs should be broadcast on radio and television which are helpful ill the development of national integration. We are elated that radio and television broadcast stories, plays, songs, and poetry, etc. related to different languages, religions. civilizations and cultures. It gives us a chance to see a glimpse of the whole country in the comfort of our homes. (BEd 2nd Year Developing Emotional and National Integration in India Study Material Notes)

The need is to balance and coordinate between these programs and school programs.

14. Respect for Diversity of Nation: We should inculcate love for different castes, religions, and cultures of the country in our students and should develop social, religious, and cultural liberty.

In such a case there would not be any chance for disintegration. yet we cannot support the development of blind devotion and blind nationalism. (BEd 2nd Year Developing Emotional and National Integration in India Study Material Notes)

We desire that the citizens of the country are aware of the evils of the country and should make effort for their elimination. This is the requirement of true nationality. (BEd 2nd Year Developing Emotional and National Integration in India Study Material Notes)

15. Teacher Exchange Programme at National Level: The teacher should be exchanged at the national level. When the teachers belonging to different languages, castes religions, and communities would work in the schools of different places, it would develop intercultural spirit in the students and the whole country will be united. It is pleasant to note that this system has been adopted in the Central and Navodaya schools. (BEd 2nd Year Developing Emotional and National Integration in India Study Material Notes)

16. Provision of Study at the National Level: The level of education should be equal all over the country, and the children of one state should have the facility to study in other states.

This facility should be specifically given at the university level. It would develop the intercultural spirit and would help in the development of national integration. (BEd 2nd Year Developing Emotional and National Integration in India Study Material Notes)

It is a matter of pleasure that this provision has been made in Central and Navodaya schools at the secondary level. This provision already exists at the university level. (BEd 2nd Year Developing Emotional and National Integration in India Study Material Notes)

17. National Excursions: The teachers and students should be given opportunities for visiting different places in the country, especially places of historical. cultural, industrial, and national importance.

It would help them know the size and different cultures of the country; they would understand one another and it would develop in them the spirit of national integration. (BEd 2nd Year Developing Emotional and National Integration in India Study Material Notes)