MBA 1ST Year Productivity and Quality Loge Question Answer in English
Q.7. Explain six sigma methodology.
Or Explain steps involved in the launching of six sigma.
Ans. Six Sigma Methodology: While six sigma’s methods include many of the statistical tools that were employed in other quality movenents here they are employed in a systematic, project-oriented fashion through the define, measure, analyse improve and control cycle. The DMAIC cycle is a more detailed version of the Deming PDCA cycle, which consists of four steps-plan, do, check and act that underly continuous improvement.
The standard approach to six sigma projects in the DMAIC methodology as developed by general electric is described below:
1. Define (D)
(a) Identify customers and their priorities.
(b) Identify a project suitable for six sigma efforts based on business objectives as well as customer needs and feedback.
(C) Identify CTQs (Critical-to-quality characteristics) that the customer considers to have the most impact or quality.
2. Measure (M)
(a) Determine how to measure the process and how it is performing.
(b) Identify the key internal processes that influence CTQs and measure the defects currently generated relative to those processes.
3. Analyse (A)
(a) Determine the most likely causes of defects.
(b) Understand why defects generated by identifying the key variables are most likely to create process variation.
4. Improve (1)
(a) Identify means to remove the causes of defects.
(b) Confirm the key variables and quantify their effects on the CTOS.
(c) Identify the maximum acceptance ranges of the key variables and a system for measuring deviation of the variables.
(d) Modify the process to stay within an acceptable range.
5. Control (C)
(a) Determine how to maintain the improvements.
Put tools in place to ensure that the key variables remain within the maximum acceptance ranges under the modified process.